Building construction



Aec. 25,1923. mma? H. LM. Ross BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Oct. 31. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet E Fatented @een 25, E23?.

naar .aras

HENRY ISMAY BOSS, OF DUNEDIN, NEW ZEALAND.

BULDENG CONSTRUCTION.

.Application filed October 31, 1921. Serial No. 511,708.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that l, HENRY lsMAY Monn- Lnn Ross, a subject of His Majesty, the King of Great Britain, residing at Bond Street,y

in the city of Dunedin, in the British Dominion of New Zealand, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to set forth a rapid way of strong'building construction, in which the bulk of the material consists of plain orreinforced concrete slabs having specially formed edges, and specially formed metal bars to suit these slabs, and the gist of the invention is, that these are prepared before being builtin, as they can be readily fitted together expeditiously, thus eliminating the expensive formes now used in concrete construction. The special bars are suitable for studs, joists and rafters, they are of girder form, some with two, and some with four unequal depth flanges on each side of a central web, and others with such fianges on one side only. Also some with the above members or flanges but with a diagonal web. yThere are special bars and gripping bars for openings, such as windows. These would generally be rolled to the desired shapes, and short lengths between such as openings, would be either cuttings, or might be cast to the shape. The concrete slabs have their edges moulded to suit each other and the metal bars for which they are intended, and when placed in position, would be flushed with cement mortar, and could subsequently be given any architectural finish, inside or outside.

The specially formed meta-l bars for studs, lates, joists or rafters are secured together y bolts or other usual devices, forming the skeleton or kframe of the building, the wei ht of any superstructure or roof is carriet? by the said framework and not by the concrete; so that when theframe is up, any storey may be completed before the) ground fioor slabs are placed in position.

Referring to the accompanying draw in :-(2 sheets),

Figure l is the section of a building as in my invention, the 1st fioor being shown with two descriptions of flooring, one of light, and the other of stronger construction.

Fig. -2 are sections of rafters, formed fbi' the concrete slabs. to slide endwise between themas shown in Fig. '1.

Fig. 3 are sections for the slabs to be lowered sideways between them, these being suitable for fiat surfaces or roofs. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan of upright studs, showing the slabs being placed between them, and- Fig. 5 is a sli ht modification of the bars and consequent .y of the edges of the slabs to suit them.

The remaining are details to a larger scale. Fig. 6 is a plan through a fixed window showing the fixing of frames for holding glass to the special studs. Fig. 7 is an end section through a window showing its fixing, and a short stud to foundation, and Fig. 8 is a part elevation of same. isa section of an intermediate bar for fixing glass to, having a tubular core, and Fig. 10 is same but with a wood core. Figs. 1l and 12 to a still larger scale, show alternate ways of securing window frames to f the studs, viz -a light and a stronger way' respectively.

A. is an ordinary channel bar, sometimes suitable for foundation but l often prefer an H or l bar on its side thus l--l bedding the lower flanges in green cement concrete as see Fig. 7, between the upturned flanges or either of them, upright stud-bar B would be secured at convenient distances, to suit the concrete slabs C, (see Figs. 4 and 5) B1 is an end stud. B2 is a modification in a somewhat Z section, and B3 is Same, but of stronger make. These bars are often of interchangeable use, as see Fig. l where stud-bars act as fioor joists. C are concrete slabs whose edges that touch bars,

fit them, and C1 are same, but strengthened with expanded metal as shown, (or wire or wire-netting,) which will extend beyond the moulded edges of the concrete slabs, forming a bond or tie between them, when they would be subsequently covered by cement plaster. Figs. l, 3 and 4 show these being placed in position, and Figs. 2 and 5 show them in position. Special sections for light joists D, and end ones D1, rafters E, and

end ones El are shown. v

It will be seen that B has a web and eight flanges of varying depths, four facing to the right and four to the left, the inner flanges belng deeper than the outer ones for uding the slabs into their proper grooves, a o that the studs B B when in their places as shown,

have a deeper vgroove anda shallower one` opposite each other, for enabling the slab C to be side-slipped into place one of its side edges being enteredinto the deeper groove first for the slab to clear the short flange of the opposite stud, when the slab is then slipped home into the shallow groove, and the superfluous space inthe deeper groove between the vslab and the stud is illed with cement mortar. Anybars may be spaced by light tubes between, F; -with a bolt F1 run l ,through several.- G is a form of brace and tongue used as a inish at corners of window frames for ensuring a tight joint. It will be seen that the bulk of the materials can. be formed beforehand and be placed in a` i condition for quick fixing, which, with the special shaped bars and slabs to v fit same, form the glst of the invention. lAny suit j able sizes or materials may be adopted..

Having described the invention what lI desire a patent of the United 'States of v America for, is

1. In Jbuildings mainly of concrete and metal, metal bars having deep and shallow` grooves on their reversed sides, and each bar `having a deep and a shallow groove, back to back on its outer and inner edges,so that when placed in position as a rafter, Stud or joist, a deep groove will be opposite a shallow groove, irrespective of either edge being reversed in positioning the bars, combined with specially formed concrete slabs, -shaped to suit .the grooves and flanges of the said bars, metal reinforcement in saidslabs, to

form the key between the concrete slabs for the cement grouting and stopping which unites'the whole wall as one piece, in combination with bars connecting with said first named bar.'

2. An article of manufacture consisting of a bar for use in building constructions, said bar having a deep groove on one side and a shallow groove on the opposite side.

3. An article of manufacture, a stud adapted to be used in groups of two or more imbuilding constructions, saidstud having 'deep grooves and shallow grooves arranged in pairs at diagonallyopposite positions on said studs, each deep groove lying back to back with each shallow groove.`

4. In a building construction, a plurality of studs having av shallow groove on one side and a deep groove 011 the opposite side, each deep groove of one stud lying opposite a shallow groove of the next adjacent stud, slabs having tongues adapted to project into said grooves. A

5. An article of manufacture, studs adapted to be used in groups of two or more Iin building constructions, said studs havin deep grooves land shallow grooves arrange in pairs at diagonally opposite positions thereon, each deep 'groove lying back to back with each shallow groove, slabs having tongues adaptedlto project into said grooves and a portion` rojecting beyond said studs. 6. In a buil ing construction, a plurality `of studshaving a shallow groove on one side and a deep groove on the opposite side, each4 deep groove of one stud ying opposite a shallow groove of the next adjacent stud, slabs having tongues adapted to project into said grooves and a portion projecting beyond said studs, and a'filler extending into said grooves overlapping said studs and filling the space between the slabs.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set myy hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENTON MACAULAY DAvEY, MAUD MARY DAVEY. 

